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White lotus society ap world history


Topic 2.2

📍 Topic 2.2 The Mongol Empire and the Modern World

📖 AMSCO p.85 - p.91

Main Idea

⭐ The Mongols, during the 13th century, conducted a sweeping campaign of conquest across Eurasia, causing widespread destruction and chaos. Their fearsome reputation for slaughter extended beyond their actual conquests. Despite their brutality, the Mongols inadvertently fostered a period of unprecedented interregional connection and exchange, unlike anything seen during their time.

Key Timeline

Timeline of the Mongol Empire

Image Courtesy of Jed Quiaoit

Things to Know

The Mongols and Their Surroundings:**

  • pastoral nomads, herders, and hunter-foragers 🐴
  • grouped by clans and valued warfare and hunting
  • close proximity to Silk Roads = easy access to luxury goods (e.g., silk clothes, gold jewelry)

Genghis Khan

  • Khan:
    • formed alliances and elected Mongol ruler 1210 C.E.
    • conquered central and western Asia, northern China, eastern Persia
  • Unconventional War Strategies:
    • strong riders, proficient in bows
    • use of messenger forces
    • siege weapons
    • incorporated technology of invaded territories. 🏹
  • Pax Mongolica: “Mongolian peace”
    • new bridges
    • religious tol

      Chapter 14 - The Last Wonderful Nomadic Challenges: From Chinggis Khan to Timur

      Chapter 14
      The Last Superb Nomadic Challenges: From Chinggis Khan to Timur

      1. Introduction
        1. Mongols ended/interrupted many great postclassical empires
        2. Extended world network – foundation for interaction on global scale
        3. Forged mightiest war machine
        4. Four khanates – sons divided
          1. Ruled for 150 years
          2. Last time nomadic peoples dominated sedentary peoples
        5. Paradox of rule – fierce fighters vs. tolerant/peaceful leaders
      2. The Mongol Empire of Chinggis Khan
        1. Introduction
          1. difficult to organize before Chinggis Khan
            1. divisions/rivalries
            2. Khan – astute political strategist/brilliant military commander
          2. Nomadic world – horse culture
            1. Lived on herds – meat, milk, traded hides for grain/vegetables
            2. Tough little ponies
            3. Children ride from early age
            4. Could even sleep/eat on horse
              1. Animal power/seasonal migrations
              2. Movable shelters
            5. Political organization
              1. Like Bedouins – kin/clan based – combined in confederations when needed
              2. Men dominated but women could influence tribal meetings/home
              3. Leadership qualities – courage, alliance forging ability
        2. The Making of a Excellent Warrior: T

          AP World History - Unit 6: Consequences of Industrialization

        3. Otto van Bismarck hosted European powers in Berlin in 1884 to discuss land claims in African Congo - encouraging colonialism

        4. By 1914, almost all of Africa was colonized by Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Portugal, and Belgium (except Ethiopia and Liberia)

        5. Europeans added substantial infrastructure to the continent, but stripped Africa of resources, most exercised direct rule and implementation of customs over African people (except British who were already busy with India)

        6. Europeans disregarded African boundaries, cut tribal land in half or forced enemy tribes together, ignoring history and culture

        7. Traditional African culture also started falling apart

      white lotus society ap world history

      White Lotus Society

       
      Page history last edited by PBworks18 years, 9 months ago
      The White Lotus Society was a Buddhist sect that many Chinese were attracted to. The people who most were attracted to the White Lotus Society were the poor and women who found comfort with the Eternal Mother who was supposedly going to gather up all of her children at the millennium. The first signs of the White Lotus Society were in the late 13th century while the Mongols (the Yuan Dynasty) was ruling over China. The Mongols found out about the White Lotus and banned it saying it was a heterodox (not the official) religious sect. The members were then forced to meet underground making it a secret society and an instrument of quasi-national resistance.

       

      The White Lotus Society inspired many secret societies to rebel in their own regions. It started a rebellion in 1352 against the Mongols. This rebellion was made harder to put down because by then, the Mongols were fighting amongst themselves. The leader of the rebellion, Zhu Yuanzhang, attained the Mandate of Heaven in 1387 and started the Ming Dynasty.

       

       

      This is Zhu Yuanzhang, the main leader of the

      AP world history: Unit 2 Flashcards

      15183626184junkA very large flatbottom sailing ship produced in the Tang and Song Empires, specially designed for long-distance commercial travel.0
      15183626185mongol empirean empire founded in the 12th century by Genghis Khan, which reached its greatest territorial extent in the 13th century, encompassing the larger part of Asia and extending westward to the Dnieper River in eastern Europe.1
      15183630948flying cashEnabled merchants to deposit good or cash at one location and draw the equivalent in cash or merchandise elsewhere in China.2
      15183630949bill of exchangea document stating the holder was legally promised payment of a set amount on a set date3
      15183639949hanseatic leaguea commercial alliance between northern germany and scandinavian4
      15183673412genghis khanA Mongolian general and emperor of the late twelfth and early thirteenth centuries, known for his military leadership and great cruelty. He conquered vast portions of northern China and southwestern Asia.5
      15183673413khanatesThe states ruled by a khan; the four units into which Chinggis divided the Mongol Empire.6
      15183